Sarcomatoid carcinoma of renal pelvis: a case report / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the renal pelvis is rare. One case of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the left renal pelvis was reported. The patient was diagnosed as sarcomatoid carcinoma of left pyelonephrosis by left percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) and biopsy of left pyelonephrosis in another hospital due to left lumbar pain.The patient came to our hospital for laparoscopic left hemiculturectomy and was pathologically diagnosed as left renal pelvic sarcomatoid carcinoma. The patient suffered left retroperitoneal recurrence and bilateral lung metastasis 7 months after surgery and died of cachexia 10 months later.

Risk factors and clinical outcomes of early-onset pulmonary hypertension in preterm infants with gestational age≤ 32 weeks / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the risk factors and clinical outcomes of early pulmonary hypertension in preterm infants with gestational age(GA)≤32 w.Methods:From October 2017 to May 2021,preterm infants with GA≤ 32 w admitted to NICU of our hospital were retrospectively studied. According to their echocardiography 2 w after birth, the infants were assigned into early-onset pulmonary hypertension (ePH) group and non-PH group. SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used to analyze the general status, complications and clinical outcomes of the two groups. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of early-onset PH.Results:A total of 183 cases were enrolled, including 24 in the ePH group and 159 in the non-PH group. The incidences of birth asphyxia, hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA), FiO 2≥30% within 6 h after birth, late-onset PH, severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) and intracranial hemorrhage(ICH) in the ePH group were significantly higher than the non-PH group( P<0.05). hsPDA was the independent risk factor for early-onset PH ( OR=11.781, 95% CI 4.192-33.108). Conclusions:Preterm infants with GA≤32 w and early-onset PH are at increased risks of ICH, late-onset PH and severe BPD, hsPDA is the independent risk factor for early-onset PH.

Clinical features of five cases of congenital esophageal atresia complicated with gastric perforation / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of congenital esophageal atresia with gastric perforation, and to improve pediatricians′ understanding of this disease.Methods:The clinical data of five neonates with congenital esophageal atresia and gastric perforation treated in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2012 to 2022 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Among the five neonates, four were boys and one was girl.The gestational age was 28 + 5 to 37 + 6 weeks, the birth weight was 1 100~2 350 g. All of them had dyspnea and feeding difficulties after birth.Gastric perforation occurred in three cases during invasive mechanical ventilation, one case during non-invasive ventilation, and one case during nasal catheter oxygen inhalation.Emergency primary gastric repair was performed, followed by secondary esophageal anastomosis.All the patients were cured and discharged from hospital. Conclusion:Gastric perforation is a rare complication of congenital esophageal atresia, which is more common in premature infants and low birth weight infants.Mechanical ventilation may promote the occurrence of gastric perforation.If gastric perforation is complicated, repair should be performed as soon as possible, and esophageal anastomosis surgery should be performed early after stability to improve the final outcome.

Management strategies for patients with chronic viral hepatitis during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic / 临床肝胆病杂志

During the severe epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, some patients with chronic viral hepatitis have difficulties in attending the hospital and getting medical treatment. This article introduces the management strategies for patients with chronic viral hepatitis in medical institutions, including long prescription to improve patients’ compliance, long-distance online outpatient service, participation of community health service centers in management, medication guidance for patients by pharmacists, and nurses’ participation in improving patients’ self-management ability. At the same time, patients should also strengthen the self-management of life style and take protective measures when going out. With the efforts of both doctors and patients, proper management of patients with chronic viral hepatitis will be achieved during this special period.

Application advantages of ultrasonography in diabetic lower extremity neuropathy / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Diabetic lower extremity neuropathy is common complication of diabetic mellitus. Ultrasonography is gradually applied in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the changes of the course, internal structure and internal blood flow of nerves can be detected with high resolution ultrasonography, the stiffness of nerves may be displayed with ultrasound elastography, while contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used as a quantitative evaluation method of nerve blood flow perfusion. The advances of utilization of ultrasonography in diabetic lower extremity neuropathies were reviewed in this article.

Application of micro-lecture combined with Simbaby teaching model in neonatal practical teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Micro-lecture combined with Simbaby teaching model in the practical teaching of neonatology for undergraduates . Methods A total of 160 five-year medical undergraduates from grade 2013 to grade 2015 were divided into group A (the control group) and group B (the experimental group), with 40 male students and 40 female students in each group. Students in group B received Micro-lecture combined with Simbaby teaching model, while students in group A received traditional teaching method. In group A, teachers adopted traditional teaching method with the use of common teaching models, then students practiced on these models following the demonstrations from teachers. In group B, students previewed the contents before class in micro-lecture, then teachers made Simbaby to be used as case models and explained to the students as how to use the model in actual class. Students made diagnosis and gave treatment to the Simbaby after physical examination . At last , teaching effects were evaluated by questionnaire survey and theoretical test. The SPSS 24.0 was used to conduct t-test and chi square test. Results The average scores of theoretical test (88.40±9.40) and skill test in group B (79.53± 8.84) were significantly higher than those in group A (84.86 ±9.50) and (72.35 ±9.70), with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The results of Questionnaires showed that learning enthusiasm and initiative, clinical operation skills and clinical thinking ability in group B were significantly better than in group A (P<0.05). However, improvement of the awareness for team cooperation in the two groups had no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion Micro-lecture combined with Simbaby teaching model can help students comprehend the basic theories of neonatal disease and improve their clinical operation skills, self-learning ability and clinical thinking ability, which is worth to be promoted in neonatal clinical teaching.

Application of micro-lecture combined with Simbaby teaching model in neonatal practical teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of Micro-lecture combined with Simbaby teaching model in the practical teaching of neonatology for undergraduates.@*Methods@#A total of 160 five-year medical undergraduates from grade 2013 to grade 2015 were divided into group A (the control group) and group B (the experimental group), with 40 male students and 40 female students in each group. Students in group B received Micro-lecture combined with Simbaby teaching model, while students in group A received traditional teaching method. In group A, teachers adopted traditional teaching method with the use of common teaching models, then students practiced on these models following the demonstrations from teachers. In group B, students previewed the contents before class in micro-lecture, then teachers made Simbaby to be used as case models and explained to the students as how to use the model in actual class. Students made diagnosis and gave treatment to the Simbaby after physical examination. At last, teaching effects were evaluated by questionnaire survey and theoretical test. The SPSS 24.0 was used to conduct t-test and chi square test.@*Results@#The average scores of theoretical test (88.40±9.40) and skill test in group B (79.53±8.84) were significantly higher than those in group A (84.86±9.50) and (72.35±9.70), with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The results of Questionnaires showed that learning enthusiasm and initiative, clinical operation skills and clinical thinking ability in group B were significantly better than in group A (P<0.05). However, improvement of the awareness for team cooperation in the two groups had no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Micro-lecture combined with Simbaby teaching model can help students comprehend the basic theories of neonatal disease and improve their clinical operation skills, self-learning ability and clinical thinking ability, which is worth to be promoted in neonatal clinical teaching.

Relationship between PDE4C gene methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes, interaction of environmental factors and pathogenesis of breast cancer / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the methylation of phosphodies-terase 4C(PDE4C)gene in peripheral blood leukocytes,and its interaction with environmental factors and the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Methods A case-control study was conducted to select 402 cases of breast cancer and 470 cancer-free controls from Octo-ber 2010 to December 2014. The specific DNA methylation-modified quantitative PCR method was used to detect the methylation of PDE4C gene. The use of crossover analysis and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the level of gene methylation and its interaction with environmental factors and the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Results PDE4C methylation was not found to be significantly associated with the onset of breast cancer. High-frequency/high-intake of whole grains,vegetables, onion-based plants,poultry,milk,and regular exercise could reduce the risk of breast cancer;high-frequency/high-intake of pork, irregular menstrual cycle,and a high psychological stress index could increase the risk of breast cancer. PDE4C hypermethylation had a significant combining effect with edible onion-producing plants greater than 3 times/week,with an OR of 0. 373(95% CI:0. 208~0. 668,P=0. 001). Conclusion Hypermethylation of PDE4C is not an independent risk factor for breast cancer,and its combination with environmental factors affects the risk of breast cancer.

Effects of xenon on the expression of EphB4 and EphrinB2 mRNA in neonatal rats with white matter damage / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of white matter damage (WMD) and the effects of xenon intervention on the expression of EphB4 and EphrinB2 mRNA in the brain tissue of neonatal rats.Method Three-day-old SD rat pups (n =96) were randomly assigned into sham group (n =24),model group (n =24),xenon intervention group 1 (n =24) and xenon intervention group 2 (n =24).The WMD model was established by injected of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 0.05 mg/kg combined with ligation of the right carotid artery for 1 h in the last three groups.Rats in xenon intervention group 1 inhaled 50％ xenon immediately for 3 h after modeling,while rats in xenon intervention group 2 inhaled 50％ xenon for 3 h at 2 h after modeling.After the completion of xenon intervention,6 rat pups in each groups were sacrificed at 0 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h.The pathologic examination of periventricular tissue was conducted with hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and the expression of EphB4 and EphrinB2 mRNA was assayed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Statistical analysis was then performed.Result (1)The structure of white matter in model group became loose,band net-like,with significant nucleus pyknosis.The pathological damages in xenon intervention group 1 and 2 were lighter at 24 h,48 h and 72 h than model group,with less karyopycnosis.(2) Compared with the sham group,the expressions of EphB4 and EphrinB2 mRNA at 0 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h were significantly higher in the model group and xenon intervention group 1 and 2 (P ＜ 0.05),except for the EphB4 mRNA in xenon intervention group 1 at 72 h (P ＞ 0.05).The expressions of EphB4 and EphrinB2 mRNA at each time point in xenon intervention group 1 and 2 were decreased significantly than the model group (P ＜ 0.05),except for the EphB4 mRNA in xenon intervention group 2 at 72 h (P ＞ 0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference on EphB4 and EphrinB2 mRNA between two xenon intervention groups at each time point (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of EphB4 and EphrinB2 mRNA are appreciably increased in brain tissue of neonatal rats with WMD,which indicates the reactive angiogenesis.The intervention with xenon may play a neuroprotective role through reducing the expressions of EphB4/EphrinB2 mRNA and angiogenesis,and early intervention may be better.

Changes in cytoskeleton and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in passaged articular chondrocytes / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To observe the changes in cytoskeleton (CSK) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis following passage culture of articular chondrocytes and the correlation between CSK and GAG.Methods Eight male New Zealand White rabbits (8-month-old) were sacrificed by air embolism.After the chondrocytes from their knee joints were isolated by enzymolysis method,monolayer culture was performed.The chondrocytes of primary passage (P0) and passages 1 & 2 (P1,P2) were inoculated into 24-well plates with round cover slips put at the bottoms.Cell climbing slices were fixed after attachment of chondrocytes.The CSK proteins,actin,vimentin,tubulin and vinculin were stained by immuuofluorescence antibody on P0,P1 and P2 cell climbing slices,respectively.The CSK morphology was observed by laser confocal scanning microscopy and the fluorescence intensities of CSK proteins were detected by the fluorescence intensity software.The medium was changed for each generation after cell fusion and the GAG concentrations in the supernatants were measured at 24,36,48,60 h after medium change by alcian blue method.Results The intermediate filament networks became loosen and the dense distributions surrounding the nucleus decreased;more microtubule processes formed at the cell periphery with passage.The fluorescence intensity of actin of P1 chondrocytes was significantly increased than that of P0 (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no such significant differences between P0 and P2 or between P1 and P2 (P ＞ 0.05).The fluorescence intensities of vimentin and tubulin were significantly decreased with passage respectively,and there were such significant differences between any two of P0,P1 and P2 (P ＜ 0.05).The GAG concentrations in the supernatants were significantly decreased with passage at each time point,and there were such significant differences between any two of P0,P1 and P2 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Passage culture of articular chondrocytes may lead to changes in morphology and protein expression intensity of the main components of CSK,and accordingly to decreased synthesis amount of GAG,one of the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes,indicating the changed characteristics of chondrocytes after passage and a certain correlation between CSK and GAG.

Association of IL-17F rs763780 and rs2397084 polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis:a Meta-analysis / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To explore the association between rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and two polymorphisms of interleukin-17(IL-17F)rs763780 and rs2397084.Methods: A systematic search of relevant studies was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Chinese Periodical Database,China Biology Medical Literature Database,Pubmed,Embase and Web of Science.Results: A total of 5 case-control studies including 1 174 RA cases and 966 health controls for rs763780 and 985 RA cases and 766 health controls for rs2397084 were included in this Meta-analysis.The results showed that rs763780 was significantly associated with increased susceptibility to RA(C vs.T:OR=1.74,95%CI=1.01-2.98,P=0.04;CC vs.TT:OR=3.17,95%CI=1.21-8.35,P=0.02;CT vs.TT:OR=1.80,95%CI=1.21-2.66,P=0.004;CC+CT vs.TT:OR=1.96,95%CI=1.35-2.83,P<0.001;CC vs.CT+ TT:OR=2.97,95%CI=1.13-2.66,P=0.03).In subgroup analysis based on ethnicity,rs763780 was positively correlated with RA in Europeans.No significant association was found between rs2397084 and RA.Conclusion: The present study revealed that IL-17F rs763780 polymorphism is a risk factor of RA,while the association of rs2397084 with RA remains uncertain.

Application of mtDNA COI genes in common sarcosaphagous flies species identification / 中国法医学杂志

Objective To observe the application of mtDNA COI genes in common sarcosaphagous flies species identification. Methods 30 sarcosaphagous fly samples were indentified by morphological method which collected in different regions belonging to 2 families, 4 genera and 6 species. MtDNA was extracted for the PCR amplification reaction in COI gene. The PCR products were purified through agar gel electrophoresis and sequenced. Sequences of 498 bp in COI gene were disposed by multiple-alignment software of DNAMAN. Sequences divergence of 498 bp between and within species of COI gene were processed by software of MEGA. Results It was showed that there is a certain sequence differences between the 30 samples from 6 species. The intraspecific and interspecific divergence of sequence variation ranged from 0.1% to 1.6% and 2.2% to 11.2% respectively. All the species can be identified successfully by this method. Conclusion Species identification of sarcosaphagous flies can be conducted by sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree of COI gene. This method can be effectively used in fast and accurate identification in forensic entomology.

Efficacy and Safety of Combined Therapy with 89Sr in Skeletal-Related Events of Prostate Cancer:A Meta-analysis / 医药导报

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined therapy with 89Sr for treating skeletal-related events of prostate cancer. Methods Databases including PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE,the Cochrane library,CNKI,CBM and Wanfang were systematically searched since 89Sr was first reported in 1976 to September 2015 to include the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the combined therapy with 89Sr for skeletal-related events of prostate cancer.The statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager Version 5.2. Results A total of 18 RCTs involving 1 280 patients were analyzed.The results of meta-analysis indicated:there were statistically significant differences in the pain relief rate [OR=4.71,95%CI(3.34, 6.62),P<0.000 1],decrement rate of bone metastasis[OR=3.63,95%CI(2.60,5.09),P<0.000 1] and improvement rate of life quality [OR=2.16,95%CI(1.16,4.02),P<0.05].Progression-free survival of patients in experimental group was significantly longer than that in control group [HR=0.84,95%CI(0.73,0.97),P=0.02].No significant difference was found in overall survival [HR=0.82,95%CI(0.65,1.02),P=0.07].There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse events [OR=1.46,95%CI(0.98,2.17),P>0.05]. Conclusion Combined therapy with 89Sr has better efficacy and comparable safety profile compared with standard therapy.However,the quality and sample size of the included studies are limited,so more high-quality and large-sample RCTs are needed to verify the validity.

Serum ferritin in very low birth weight infants and its influence factors / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To identify iron nutritional status in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) and its influence factors.Methods A total of 115 babies admitted from January to December 2014 were included in the study.Serum ferritin of new born infants was analyzed.The clinical data of gestational age,birth weight,hemoglobin,iatrogenic blood loss,cumulative volume of blood transfusion and pregnancy maternal diseases(diabetes,hypertension and anemia) were analyzed.Results The serum ferritin of 115 VLBWI were 100.8 to 210.3 μg/L,the average were(140.32 ± 13.21) μg/L;the minimum serum ferritin of babies born ＜ 32 weeks gestational age were(124.5 ± 31.3) μg/L.Smaller the VLBWI gestational age,the lower the basic baby serum ferritin(F =14.367,P =0.000).More severe the maternal anemia,the lower the basic baby serum ferritin levels [no anemia:(230.9 ± 68.7) μg/L,mild anemia:(189.5 ± 75.3) μg/L,moderate anemia:(133.5 ± 88.1) μg/L,severe anemia:(122.2 ± 56.8) μg/L;P ＜ 0.05].Lower the level of hemoglobin,the lower the basic level of serum ferritin(P ＜ 0.05).Volume of blood transfusion had a huge impact on the last serum ferritin levels (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Improvement of the basic baby serum ferritin level in the early stage is useful to ensure the VLBWI iron reserves.It is necessary to regularly monitor serum ferritin during hospitalization and even after discharge.

Study on the Quality Standard of Compound Vaccariae Tablets / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To conduct supplementary study for quality standard for Compound vaccariae tablets. METHODS:TLC was used for the qualitative identification of Vaccariae;HPLC was used to determine the contents of vaccarin and anthranilic acid. The column was YMC-Pack Pro C18 with mobile phase of methanol- 0.3% phosphpric acid(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 280 nm,column temperature was 35 ℃ and volume size was 10 μl. RESULTS:The chromatographic spots were clear and well-separated without interference from negative control. The linear range was 0.055 7-2.228 7μg(r=0.999 9)for vaccarin and 2.011 4-40.227 9 μg(r=0.999 9)for anthranilic acid;RSDs of precision,stability and reproduc-ibility tests were no more than 1.01%;average recoveries were respectively 99.69%(RSD=1.11%,n=6) and 99.84%(RSD=1.18%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,rapid and accurate with good reproducibility,and can be used for quality control of Compound vaccariae tablets.

A correlation research of pulmonary function before and after radiation therapy and radiation-induced pneumonitis in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To discuss the relationship between lung function before and after radiotherapy and radiation-induced pneumonitis in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods 76 patients were evaluated by pulmonary function tests before radiotherapy and in 1 month and 3 month after radiotherapy respectively.Results All patients were treated radiotherapy with irradiation dose of 60-70 Gy,the radiation pneumonitis occurred in 26 patients (group A),22 patients were grade 1,3 patients were grade 2,1 patient grade 3 and no patient was grade 4 and 5.50 patients without radiation pneumonitis were group B.There were significant difference between group A and group B for FEV1 before radiotherapy [(51.67±19.03) ％,(69.03± 14.54) ％,t =2.34,P ＜ 0.05].There were no significant difference between in 1 month and 3 months after radiotherapy for FVC (P ＞ 0.05).There was significant difference between in 1 month and 3 months after radiotherapy for DLCO (group A,P ＜ 0.01; group B,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions For locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients,the lower of FEV1 before radiotherapy inclineds to develop radiation pneumonitis,DLCO levels are lower significantly in patients prones to radiation pneumonitis.FEV1 and DLCO are sensitive indicators to predict radiation pneumonitis.

Effects of L-alanyl-L-glutamine intensified parenteral nutrition support on immune of advanced malignant carcinoma patients / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To evaluate the effects of L-alanyl-L-glutamine (LALG) intensified parenteral nutrition support in advanced malignant carcinoma patients.Methods 68 patients were randomly divided into two groups,control group (n =34) received only parenteral nutrition,treatment group (n =34) received parenteral nutrition combined with a dose of 0.3 g ·(kg·d)-1 LALG.Nutrition status and immune functions were determined at pre-therapy and 15th days after therapy.Results After the therapy,the pALB and TRF of treatment group were significantly increased [(24.9±8.06) mg/dl vs (27.3±6.05) mg/dl; (1.62±0.43) g/L vs (2.06±0.32) g/L].Before therapy,no significant change in IgA,IgM and IgG was found in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).After the therapy,IgA and IgG of the treatment group after the therapy were significantly different from those before the therapy [(2.85±1.43) mg/L vs (3.63±5.36) mg/L; (0.95±0.43) mg/L vs (1.13±0.09) mg/L],IgA,IgM and IgG of the control group had no difference compared with those before the therapy (P ＞ 0.05),CD4+ of treatment group was significandy different compared with those of control group [(39.19±4.23) ％ vs (36.62±3.58) ％] (P ＜ 0.05).There is no significantly difference between CD:/ CD8+ CD8+ of treatment group and those of control therapy (P ＞ 0.05).After therapy,the score of quality of life in treatment group was higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion LALG intensified parenteral nutrition has better effects on improvement of the nutrition and immune functions.